The main focus has been the increased rate of female infanticide. Female infanticide is the intentional killing of baby girls due to the preference for male babies and is attributed to the low value associated with the birth of females (Weijing ). Poverty, famine, and population control are inter-related blogger.comted Reading Time: 10 mins Female Infanticide is the intentional act of murdering or abandoning newborn babies all because they were born a GIRL. The act of Female Infanticide is extremely disturbing and horrible, a fact which makes us want to stop it, but how? There are many ways to stop Female Infanticide. One of them is blogger.comted Reading Time: 2 mins Female infanticide is a deliberate and intentional act of killing a female child within one year of its birth either directly by using poisonous organic and inorganic chemicals or indirectly by deliberate neglect to feed the infant by either one of the parents or other family members
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Imagine a world with no women. There as no wives, no sisters, no daughters, and no mothers, essay on female infanticide. Unfortunately this world is on the brink of becoming a scary reality for Asian countries such as China and India. Due to attempts to control population and the low value associated with females in these societies historically and culturally, both China and India are now facing a serious gender imbalance. Female infanticide and sex-selective abortion are responsible for this gender imbalance.
The two atrocious practices have led to problems such as elevated rates in female kidnapping and slave trade, as well as forced marriages. This paper will focus on the roots of female infanticide and sex-selective abortions as well as the problems these practices have presented.
According to current statistics, there are approximately 1,, people living in China Cao et al. For every males, there are only females. A study published in the British Medical Journal found that China has approximately 32 million more males than females under the age of 20 Cao et al.
In a Chinese census report, the imbalance between the sexes revealed that the imbalance is now so distorted that there are million males in China — more than essay on female infanticide times the population of Canada — who will be unable to find a wife Hvistendahl As a result of this gender imbalance, the rate of female kidnapping and slave trading has increased. A major factor responsible for the distortion of this gender imbalance in China is the one child policy.
Inthe Chinese Government implemented a new act essay on female infanticide the family planning policy. This new act officially restricts married, essay on female infanticide, urban couples to having only one child, while allowing exemptions for several cases such as rural couples, ethnic minorities, and parents without siblings Hesketh et al.
Ideally, essay on female infanticide, the act was implemented to alleviate social, economic, and environmental problems arising from the over-population issues in China. The one child policy offers couples that delay childbearing a longer maternity leave as well as other social benefits. Order custom essay Female Infanticide with free plagiarism report. Couples that have a second child without a permit are at risk of being fined thousands of dollars, and may also be penalized by suffering wage cuts and reduced access to social services Hvistendahl Approximately The one child policy has been the source of conflict for a variety of reasons.
The main focus has been the increased rate of female infanticide. Female infanticide is the intentional killing of baby girls due to the preference for male babies and is attributed to the low value associated with the birth of females Weijing Povertyfamine, and population control are inter-related factors.
Where safe and effective birth control is unavailable, infanticide is used to selectively limit the growth of a community. Infanticide allows for selection of the fittest or most desirable offspring, with sick, deformed, female, or multiple births targeted for disposal Essay on female infanticide Males are viewed as more valuable to have as children in the Chinese society because they can work for higher wages and provide for their families. Females are viewed as a burden to the family because unless they live in a major city, essay on female infanticide, they are expected to stay home with the family instead of pursuing an education or working Hesketh et al.
From the moment they are born, essay on female infanticide, women are considered inferior to men. Essay on female infanticide are viewed as submissive and weak whereas males were dominant and strong.
Chinese women are taught from a very young age to look after the men in their households. They continue to live the rest of their lives as subservient to males Reed There is a principle of three obediences by which women are expected to live, obedience to their father while living under his roof, obedience to their husband and his family once married, and obedience to the eldest son once widowed Caldwell and Bruce In the countryside, less than half a million out of a total rural population of eight hundred million were receiving pensions in Individuals and families who live in rural areas rely on their off spring to be part of their essay on female infanticide staff.
If such families are only allowed to have one child, they much prefer to have males because they believe they are of more use for jobs that require physical labor. Hong, If a Chinese family who is not secure financially does indeed have a daughter than she will most likely not marry, Hong explains.
Hong pg. Women are viewed as so inferior, that often, poor families would sell their daughters as servants to rich families. Despite the egalitarian nature of Chinese society, many parents believe that having a son is a vital element of providing for their old age.
When a daughter is married off, she is no longer available to take care of her parents in their old age, as she is now responsible for her husband and his family Hesketh et al, essay on female infanticide. Historically, the way that women were viewed in Chinese society made it clear that with the one-child policy in place, couples would prefer to have a son rather than a daughter.
It is for this reason that rates of female infanticide increased in China. Female infanticide is not a problem that is new to Chinese culture. Studies have shown that evidence of female infanticide in China dates back to B. Until the fourth century, infanticide was neither illegal nor immoral Weijing Legal sanctions against infanticide were introduced in the fourth century as Christianity infused secular laws Weijing Abortion is claimed to help women; obviously in these cases, females are the direct victims, because women in these cultures are not valued.
Unlike China, India does not have a one-child policy in place, essay on female infanticide, but instead, parents of daughters who are to get married, must pay a dowry. Although the dowry is illegal in most of India, in areas of poverty, most parents still struggle and are expected to pay the families into which their daughters marry Mahalingam et al.
The dowry consists of large amounts of money and valuable goods. For families with several daughters this can be a serious financial burden Dube and Dube In India, the practice of female infanticide is even more common, essay on female infanticide. As in China, the birth of a daughter is seen as a liability. In India the sex ratio is 93 women for every men, but in some regions there are fewer than 85 women per men Ahmad According to a recent report by the United Nations Children's Fund UNICEF up to 50 million girls and women are missing from India' s population as a result of systematic gender discrimination in India, essay on female infanticide.
Another essay on female infanticide showed that approximately 2, females are illegally aborted every day in India Mahalingham et al.
India is known throughout the world for being a country of a large population, essay on female infanticide, a diverse culture, and beautiful sites. A part of India that is coming out essay on female infanticide the dark and being discussed rapidly by academics is the extent of female infanticide and sex selective abortion.
Essay on female infanticide show in a United Nations report, that India has a higher death rate of females under four years old than any other country in the world. Poorer nations such as Peru have a female death percentage compared to males of seventy three percent, where a more developed essay on female infanticide such as Japan has a female death rate of eighty three percent.
The national average in India has a death rate of one hundred and seven percent compared to the death rate of boys, and in the area of Rajasthan the death rate of females under four years old is one hundred and nineteen percent compared to boys of the same age. A percentage of these deaths can be contributed to the decreasing health of female toddlers in India.
Verma explains, in most regions of India girls are only fed after the males in the family. If the mother of a family does not receive proper nutrition than the chances of her daughter receiving it are very slim. The other major reason for mortality rates of young female children is so high is due to the practice of female infanticide.
Virma, while travelling through her homeland on a search of qualitative research about the practice of female infanticide, came to find just how common female infanticide is across India, particularly in rural areas. Virma explains throughout many villages the male head of the household orders the daughter to be killed. In a particular interview a woman was screaming and crying, her husband told his wife, if she did not kill the baby than he would smash her head in until she was dead.
Verma, There are many different ways in which the female infants are killed; two common practices include starving the baby to death, or poisoning her with tobacco or oil.
They believe the alternative, being a woman in many parts of India is much worse than being dead. Verma Female children who are raised in India are aware of the way they are treated by society and within their own families.
In many instances they understand the expense of their dowries, and in certain circumstances go to great lengths to bring honor to their families. In a northern rural village, three sisters had hung themselves, with a note explaining the financial freedom their parents would have without them.
Verma The Chinese government has taken a number of steps to combat the practice of female infanticide, as well as promote and protect women's rights. The Marriage Law and Women's Protection Law prohibit female infanticide, essay on female infanticide the latter prohibits discrimination against women who give birth to daughters Hvistendahl The Sex Selective Abortion Law and Maternal Health Care Law of were created to put an end to sex selective abortions, and the latter prohibits the use of medical technology to determine the gender of a fetus Hesketh et al.
Unfortunately, however, essay on female infanticide, the practice continues in China despite these efforts. The availability of modern ultrasound technology is a major contributing factor to sex-selective abortion.
Inthe Chinese Government banned the use of ultrasound technology for the use of sex selection in in an effort to elevate the number of females born per year and decrease the rate of sex-selective abortions and infanticide Hesketh et al.
Inthe Indian Government implemented the amendments to the PNDT Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, explicitly recognizing the responsibility of manufacturers and distributors, such as GE Healthcare India, to protect against female feticide, essay on female infanticide. Manufacturers must confirm that their customers have valid PNDT certificates and have signed legal documents stating that the equipment shall not be used for sex determination Mahalingham et al. Female infanticide is a horrible manifestation of the anti-female bias that continues to pollute societies throughout the world.
Even in technologically advanced and educated societies, the brutal practice continues. The successful eradication of the practice of female infanticide seems an arduous task. In order to combat the essay on female infanticide, careful consideration of the location-specific and cultural factors leading to the practice is necessary. The education of both men and women, social strategies to improve the status of women, and access to family counseling and healthcare may provide means of eliminating female infanticide, essay on female infanticide, as well as elevating the value assigned to women around the globe.
In countries such as China and India where the preference of male children has been a part of their cultures history and tradition, one of the only ways to prevent the acts of female infanticide and sex selective abortion is through education. Approximately ten years later the numbers improved with sixty five percent of the female population being able to read or write, essay on female infanticide.
The government of India must start with setting up more schools and classrooms and providing more teachers at the grass root levels. Along with a solid curriculum there needs to be more encouragement of education for girls, essay on female infanticide. If encouragement means giving families incentives to keep their daughters in school, then the government should seriously consider them says the president of the Kanchan Foundation, essay on female infanticide.
With an outstanding number of children in upper primary schools across India many girls either drop out or there is not enough space for them so they are forced to leave. By increasing the number of upper primary schools many more girls in India would have the chance of a formal education.
Overall essay on female infanticide two most populous countries in the world, China and India, are facing what has been described as something close to genocide. Between female infanticide and sex essay on female infanticide abortion both countries are running out of potential marriage partners for their male children.
With female infanticide and sex selective abortion on the rise the number of kidnapping, and forced marriages of females has also been increasing. Research shows the answer to the problem is increased education for both male essay on female infanticide females throughout both countries. Encouraging girls with their education, and teaching boys and men that women should be valued in society are the first steps in stopping such practices.
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The main focus has been the increased rate of female infanticide. Female infanticide is the intentional killing of baby girls due to the preference for male babies and is attributed to the low value associated with the birth of females (Weijing ). Poverty, famine, and population control are inter-related blogger.comted Reading Time: 10 mins Essay on Female Foeticide, Infanticide in India Speech, by Ajay Chavan. 13 min read. September 25, In today’s fast-paced world, men and women are progressing a shoulder to shoulder in every professional field. Women around the world have proved that they are equally strong and qualified for every task in the blogger.comted Reading Time: 12 mins Female infanticide is a deliberate and intentional act of killing a female child within one year of its birth either directly by using poisonous organic and inorganic chemicals or indirectly by deliberate neglect to feed the infant by either one of the parents or other family members
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